What is Over Rate

Over rate in cricket is the number of overs bowled by the bowling team in an hour (60 min).

A bowling team has to satisfy a minimum over rate, failing to achieve the minimum over rate will lead to either points deduction of the team, the players fined or the captain being suspended for further matches.

Calculating the Over Rate

The over rate is calculated at the end of the match by the appointed umpires. In the case of Test Matches, the over rate will be the average rate achieved by the bowling team during both innings.

In an International match while calculating the over rate allowances are given for the time lost due to any of the following reasons.

• Treatment given to a player by an authorized medical personnel on the field of play.
• A player is required to leave the field as a result of a serious injury.
• All TV umpire referrals and consultations.
• Time wasted by the batting side ( which may constitute a separate offense depending upon the context and seriousness of the incident ).
• All other circumstances that are beyond the control of the fielding team.

In addition, the following allowances will be given.

• In Test Matches.
  • 2 minutes per wicket taken.
  • 4 minutes per drinks break taken (one per session).
• In Twenty20 International Matches.
  • 1 minute for every three overs that an innings is reduced by as a result of any delay and/or interruption in play.

Further, the following exclusions and exemptions will be applied.

• In Test Matches
  • If the fielding team bowls out the batting team in 60 overs or less in any particular innings and the minimum over rate requirement for that innings has not been exceeded, no account shall be taken of the actual over rate in this innings when calculating the actual rate at the end of such matches.
  • If the fielding team bowls out the batting team twice but has not completed more than 120 overs in total across both of its complete fielding innings in doing so, no sanction will be imposed in respect of any breach of the minimum over rate.
  • If the fielding team has not completed more than 60 overs in total in the course of its two innings in a match, no sanction will be imposed in respect of any breach of the minimum over rate.
• In One Day International Matches or Twenty20 International Matches
  • If the fielding team bowls out the batting team within the time determined for that innings pursuant to the ICC’s standard ODI or T20I playing conditions (as applicable), no sanction will be imposed in respect of any breach of the minimum over rate.

Procedure

The actual over rate is calculated by the umpires, when it is equal or excess of the minimum over rate no further action shall be taken but when it is less than the minimum over rate the following procedure is followed.

• Only the umpires that were officiated during that particular match can report to the match referee within 18 hours of the close of the day’s play or prior to the start of the following day’s play, whichever is sooner.
• Thereafter, the match referee shall promptly consult with the umpires and shall be entitled, after such consultation makes such amendments to the actual over rate calculation as he deems appropriate in the circumstances to reflect those circumstances that are beyond the control of the fielding team.
• When the match referee confirms that the minimum over rate has not been achieved by the fielding team in that particular match, the match referee will promptly issue a notice of charge.

Minimum Over Rate

Test

In a Test match, 90 overs have to be bowled in 6 hours, calculating the over rate per hour will be 15 overs, which makes it 4 minutes per hour.

A team can get an additional half an hour at the end of the day if requested.

ODI

In ODI’s bowling team has to complete a spell of 50 overs in 3.5 hours (210 minutes). As per the rules, 10 minutes is provided for drinks break, so we get an over rate per hour of about 14.28, which makes it 4 min per over.

T20I

In T20I’s a total of 1Hour 25 Minutes (including drinks break) is allotted for bowling 20 overs. Calculating the over rate per hour is 14.11 which means 4.25 minutes for each over.

Over Rate Penalties

According to ICC in an ODI/T20 match if a team fails to achieve minimum over rate and if the team is short up to two overs in a match it is considered as a “Minor Over Rate Offence” and if a team is more than two over short it is considered as a “Serious Over Rate Offence“.

In Test matches up to five over short is a Minor Over Rate Offence, more than five is a Serious Over Rate Offence.

As per ICC’s rules in the case of Minor Over Rate Offence, a captain will be fined 20% of his match fee per over, each player of this team is also fined 10% per over.

If the captain is guilty of a Serious Over Rate Offence he will be banned from one match.

Notable Penalties for slow over rate

• In the very first edition of the World Test Championship 2019-2021, Australia was playing against India and in the second test on 29 December, 2020 due to slow over rate Australia’s 4 points were deducted. As a result of this Australia did not qualify for the finals, as their final percentage drained down to 69.2% (332/480) from 70% (336/480). New Zealand had also achieved a final percentage of 70%, If Australia would have also ended up in 70% due to their superior Runs Per Wicket Ratio they would have ended in the second position and hence would have qualified for the finals.
• In the 2017 County Championship, Middlesex was relegated by 1 point after a deduction of 2 points for a slow over rate. The minimum over rate requirement was 16 overs per hour.
• In the World Cup 1999, India was fined 4 overs due to a slow over rate in the first innings. However, Zimbabwe clinched the victory by 3 runs as India were bowled out in 45 overs.

Slow Over Rate in IPL

Slow over rate is also the most concern in IPL, as it was the common code of conduct breach committed by almost all IPL teams in IPL, Due to this a lot of matches were ending after midnight. The host broadcasters witnessed a drastic drop in viewership whenever the match went beyond midnight. The broadcasters approached and discussed this issue with the IPL authorities, As a result, the IPL authorities took the decision that the evening matches would begin half an hour earlier than the previous seasons this came into effect from the 2020 season of IPL, Hence the matches begin from 7.30 PM IST instead of 8.00 PM IST.

However, from the 2021 IPL season, additional measures have been introduced to ensure that the match finishes in the allotted time.

Till the 2020 season, the over rate clock would be stopped at the start of the 20th over which meant that the teams would not be penalized if the over begins on time and the final over continues beyond the limit.

From the 2021 IPL season onwards the 20th over will also be included in the 90 minutes which includes two strategic timeouts that account for a total of five minutes.

Penalty for Slow Over Rate in IPL

What are the penalties for the slow over-rate in IPL?

According to the IPL Code of Conduct, here are the penalties for the slow over-rate.

• For the first offense of a team in a season, the captain of the bowling team will be fined 12 Lakhs INR.
• For the second offense of a team in a season, the captain of the bowling team will be fined 24 Lakhs and the remaining 10 playing players will either be fined 25% of their match fees or six Lakhs, depending on which amount is lesser.
• For the third offense and each subsequent offense in a season, the captain of the bowling team will be fined 30 Lakhs and will also be banned for one match. The other 10 playing players in the team will be fined 50% of the match fees or 12 Lakhs depending on which amount is lesser.

Over Rate FAQ

It is a league tournament of test cricket that will be played over a span of two years, The 2019-21 World Test Championship will be the first edition of the ICC World test Championship.

World Test Championship Format

The ICC World Test Championship will be played over a span of two years. Every team will play against six other opponents three at home and three away.

Each series can consist of about a minimum of 2 and a maximum of 5 test matches, hence the matches played by each team will not be the same but the series played by each team will remain the same.

At the end of the league stage, the top two teams will play the final match for the championship.

World Test Championship Points Distribution

Since each team will not play the same number of matches it was decided that the same number of points would be available for each series to counterbalance the situation between teams playing more number of matches and a team playing less number of matches.

The points distribution will be on the result of each match and not on the result of the series.

In a 5 match series, 20% of the points of the series will be available for each match and in a 2 match series, 50% of the points of the series would be available for each match.

So depending upon the length of the series ie 1,2,3,4 or 5 matches, the number of points awarded would be a half, one third, a quarter, or one-fifth of the maximum possible points from the series.

A match resulting in a tie will be considered worth half of a win and a match resulting in a draw will be considered one-third of a win.

Each series would carry a maximum of 120 points and the points distribution is as follows.

In addition to this a team that will be behind the required over rate at the end of a match would face a deduction of points depending on the overs it was behind.

ICC World Test Championship History

The test championship was first proposed in 2009, In 2010 ICC approved the idea of a test championship and the first tournament was meant to replace the 2013 ICC Champions Trophy in England and Wales.

The format of the tournament was announced, the inaugural edition of the test championship was to be held in England and Wales in 213. It would comprise an inaugural league stage played over a period of four years with all the ten test cricket-playing nations participating in it. After the league stage, the top four teams will take part in the playoffs with the finals deciding the test champion.

However, due to the financial problems within the board, and its commitment to the sponsors and broadcasters in 2011 ICC announced that the test championship would not take place until 2017.

The 2013 ICC Championship trophy which was meant to be replaced by the canceled tournament was held with the hosting rights to England and Wales the original hosts of the canceled tournament.

In April 2012, ICC confirmed that the 2013 Champions Trophy would be the last champions trophy and the inaugural test championship playoffs being scheduled for June 2017.

ICC said that there would be only one trophy for each format of the game, which meant that the ICC Champions Trophy would no longer be held as the Cricket World Cup is the premier event of 50 over cricket.

However, in January 2014 the 2017 ICC World Test Championship was canceled and the 2017 ICC Champions Trophy was reinstated.

2019-21 Inaugural Edition

The first match of the inaugural test championship was played from 1 August 2019 with the first test of the 2019 Ashes series and will finish with finals at The Lords in England in June 2021.

It became possible nearly after a decade with the two canceled attempts in 2013 and 2017.

Effect of Covid-19

The Covid-19 Pandemic had a huge impact on the inaugural season of the World Test Championship as several series and matches being either postponed or canceled.

In November 2020, the ICC announced that the finalist would be decided by the percentage of points earned.

Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, Australia postponed their away series against South Africa on 2 February 2021, Due to this New Zealand became the first team to qualify for the finals of the inaugural test championship.

Teams playing Test Championship 2019-21

1. Australia.
2. Bangladesh.
3. England.
4. India.
5. New Zealand.
6. Pakistan.
7. South Africa.
8. Sri Lanka.
9. West Indies.

Final Match

The Final of the first edition of the World Test Championship was be held from 18-23 June at the Ageas Bowl in Southampton. It was a contest between New Zealand vs India in which rain interrupted the play on many occasions. New Zealand won the match comfortably with 8 wickets and was crowned as the winner of the inaugural ICC World Test Championship. New Zealand was awarded a cash prize of 1.6 million USD (11,90,06,880 INR) and India was awarded a prize of 800,000 USD (5,95,03,440 INR).

Cricket World Cup 2023 Host

The ICC Cricket World Cup 2023 will be Hosted in India. This will be the 13th edition of the Cricket World Cup and will be played Completely on Indian Soil.

India is a country where Cricket is no less than a Religion. In India Players are the gods and victory here is celebrated like a National Festival.

This will be the fourth time that India will be hosting the tournament. India previously shared the hosting rights with Pakistan, Bangladesh & Sri Lanka. This is the first time that India will be the sole host of the Tournament.

In 2011 when India co-hosted the tournament with Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, India was the first team to win the World Cup on home soil. Later Australia repeated this in the 2015 World Cup.

England is the defending Champion, they won the Cricket World Cup 2019 against New Zealand on their home soil in the most intense and dramatic final in the history of the Cricket World Cup.

Cricket World Cup 2023 Teams

The Tournament will feature 10 Teams. The Top 7 teams and the host will automatically qualify for the World Cup 2023. The remaining teams with five associate teams will play in the 2022 Cricket World Cup Qualifier, from which two teams will qualify for the Tournament.

Cricket World Cup 2023 Schedule

The Cricket World Cup 2023 is set to start on the 5th of October and will continue till the 19th of November. The whole tournament is set to take place for 45 days across 10 venues. The finals will be held at the Narendra Modi Stadium, Ahemadabad on the 19th of November. Each team will play all other nine times in a round-robin format and the top 4 table leaders will further qualify for the knockout stage.

The knockout stage matches will be played on the 15th and 16th of November in Mumbai and Kolkata respectively with reserve day. The final match will be held at the Worlds Largest Cricket Stadium The Narendra Modi Cricket Stadium on the 19th of November.

Cricket World Cup 2023 Format

The Cricket World Cup 2023 will have the same format as the previous 2019 edition which was held in England and Wales, first a Round-Robin stage and then it will be followed by the Knockout stage.

A total of 10 teams will play in the round-robin stage where a victory will earn the winning side two points and a match ending in no result will share the teams a single point each.

At the end of the round-robin stage, the top four teams will qualify for the Semi-Finals. The winners of the two semifinals will then proceed to the Finals, where the World Champion will be crowned.

Cricket World Cup 2023 India Logo

ICC launched the brand identity of the ICC Cricket World Cup 2023 on the same day when Dhoni launched an on-drive into the stands in the 2011 World Cup at the Wankhede stadium, Mumbai.

The ICC has come up with a Navarasa. Navarasa is an Indian theatre term. ICC has recreated the Navarasa for the cricket world. Symbols and colors are used to depict the emotions of the fans when they watch the high-voltage ICC Cricket World Cup drama.

 Joy, power, anguish, respect, pride, bravery, glory, wonder, and passion are the feelings that represent the reactions that a Cricket World Cup evokes which are expressed in the Navarasa.

Cricket World Cup 2023 Stadiums

There are a total of 10 stadiums in India where the Cricket World Cup is set to be played. This is the list of stadiums that will host the world cup matches.

Here is the list of stadiums with their respective statistics.

1. Wankhede Stadium, Mumbai.

Capacity : 33,108 seats.

2. M Chinnaswami, Bangalore.

Capacity : 40,000 seats.

3. MA Chidambaram, Chennai.

Capacity : 33,500 seats.

4. Eden Gardens, Kolkata.

Capacity : 80,000 seats.

5. Feroz Shah Kotla, Delhi.

Capacity : 55,000 seats.

6. Narendra Modi Stadium, Ahmedabad.

Capacity : 1,30,000 seats.

7. Rajiv Gandhi International Stadium, Hyderabad.

Capacity : 55,000 seats.

8. BRSABV Ekana Cricket Stadium, Lucknow

9. Himachal Pradesh Cricket Association Stadium, Dharamshala

10. MCA Stadium, Pune.

Capacity : 37,406 seats.

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